Highlights of information in this Grand Unification web site include:

• The Ball-of-Light Particle Model essentially is the equation for making energy.
  
  
• The Decay of Balls-of-Light: This web site describes the most important source of energy in the universe -- the decay of balls-of-light. (Nuclear fusion and fission are subsets of this concept.) An example of a decaying ball-of-light -- large animated GIF (161K)
• The Standard Model: The Standard Model for atomic structure is very powerful. However, the Ball-of-Light Particle Model requires that significant changes be made in the Standard Model in order to allow unification.
  
  
• Cosmology, Big Bang: This web site describes a new cosmology -- a new theory of the Big Bang.
  
  
• Stellar Energy Source: It provides a new description of the primary source of energy of stars, galaxies and other objects. This source of energy is not fusion, but the decay of the core of the object which is a single ball-of-light. Fission and Fusion are subsets of the primary energy source of stars.
  
  
• Star Formation: The classic theory of star formation is in complete disarray because of numerous relatively new and contradictory experimental results, especially: the "solar neutrino deficit," and the Hubble Space Telescope's "Deep Field View" -- a photo from the Hubble that looks further back in time than any other photo.

  photo thumbnail of Deep Field View

  There are many observational facts that contradict the classic theory of star formation. As time allows, a summary will be provided. Solar Neutrino Deficit: Both of these experimental results require considerable explanation, but in a nutshell, the solar neutrino deficit can be explained as: only one third of the predicted neutrinos are observed coming from the sun (as predicted with the classical theory solar energy that relies on just nuclear fusion) because two thirds of the energy of the sun comes from the sun's decaying core -- which is a single object called a "ball-of-light" -- not from nuclear fusion. In essence, the sun is not a gravitationally collapsed cloud of primordial hydrogen and helium as classical theory explains.

  This new theory for star formation is, I believe, extremely interesting. It predicts all of the sometimes bizarre features of the sun. For example, it explains: sun spots, coronal mass ejections, the extremely high temperature of the corona, "blinkers", and so on.

  (Another major piece of evidence from the Deep Field View is also still too new to say that if verifies this theory. But I predict it will. In the November, 1997 issue of Astronomy, page 26, I came across an article called, "Mystery Objects in the Deep Field." It reports that in the Deep Field View, there are "about 90 very dim foreground stars...", ""They aren't stars," says John Bahcall of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey." "We have found a population of objects that look stellar but aren't when you look real close." They "appear very faint and have a bluish color." ""I am very interested in finding out what they are," Bahcall notes." The Ball-of-Light Particle Model predicts they are, of course, balls-of-light.)

• Galaxy Formation: The Hubble Deep Field View completely destroys the traditional view of galaxy formation. This image -- which supposedly looks back in time 80% of the way to the Big Bang -- does not see massive fields of gas and dust collapsing, but rather small objects exploding. Galaxies started out: small, bright, and blue. In comparison, galaxies currently are relatively: big, dim, and red. To summarize: stars come from exploding galaxies, and both the cores of galaxies and the stars are decaying balls-of-light. (See also, Animation of an exploding galaxy.)
• Gamma Ray Bursts and the Bubbly Structure of Galaxies: A piece of experimental evidence from the Hubble Deep Field View is still too new to say it also verifies this theory. But I predict it will. There is new evidence that the "bubbly" structure of the galaxies is evident in the Deep Field View. This would totally contradict star and galaxy formation by gravitational collapse of dust and gas, but would be in complete agreement with the Ball-of-Light Particle Model's prediction that star's and galaxies are decaying balls-of-light which predicts that these bubbles are the result of prior even more massive explosions. When these prior objects exploded they ejected what would become galaxies -- they ejected the cores of galaxies! The Ball-of-Light Particle Model predicts what we now call Gamma Ray Bursts are the same types of explosions.
• Unifying Gravity: The Ball-of-Light Particle Model describes the gravitational force in a dynamic fashion, not in a static fashion as Newton's theory of gravity has for generations.
  
  
• Relativity: The Speed-of-Light Definition of Time replaces Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity. The Ball-of-Light Particle Model completely replaces Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. The Ball-of-Light Particle Model is much easier to use and visualize.
  
  
• Dark Matter: The Ball-of-Light Particle Model's dynamic interpretation of gravity predicts much higher gravitational fields in galaxies and galactic clusters than does Newton's theory of gravity -- thus eliminating the existence of the "dark matter" -- sometimes called "the missing mass of the universe" -- predicted by the Newton's static theory of gravity.
  
  
• Magnetic Monopoles: The Ball-of-Light Particle Model predicts that "magnetic monopoles" are the same thing as elementary particles of matter. For about 100 years, scientists have interpreted "Maxwell's equations" as predicting "magnetic monopoles." What they predict instead is "matter."
  
  
• Size Limits: With the Ball-of-Light Particle Model, there is are only two limits to the size of "elementary particles": on the minimum end of the spectrum, stable particles must be multiples of Plank's constant, and the maximum size would be limited by the total energy of the universe.
• Infinities: Einstein's Theories of Relativity often leads to mathematical infinities -- a major problem in physics. For example: the universe expanded from a "singularity" -- an infinitely small point -- and; Black Holes involve infinities at the "event horizon." The Ball-of-Light Particle Model predicts: there is a minimum size a particle can reach before it breaks apart into light; gravity does not reach infinity but a maximum; the universe expanded from a very large Ball-of-Light of definite size, instead of from a singularity. (See also, the Inflation version of the Big Bang.)
• Maximum Stellar Mass: Another important change for astronomical theory predicted by the Ball-of-Light Particle Model is: stars do not collapse based upon their mass as predicted by the gas theory of stars because the core of the star is one solid object, a ball-of-light -- therefore, there is no limit on stellar size -- once predicted to be about 60 solar masses, currently predicted to be approximately 80-100 solar masses. (Two known stars -- Eta Carinae and the Pistol Star -- really confound traditional theory, appearing to be too massive for traditional theory.) Indeed, the Ball-of-Light Particle Model predicts the cores of a Galaxies are single balls-of-light, and Gamma Ray Bursts come from even larger decaying balls-of-light.

  (Some scientists will not like the changes predicted by the Ball-of-Light Particle Model. However, keep in mind, it is a very simple theory. Instead of using dramatically different models for atomic nuclei, other elementary particles, the cores of a stars, the cores of galaxies, the cores of Gamma Ray Bursts, and the cores of black holes, there is just one model.)

• Black Hole Theory: The traditional view of a Black Hole hinges completely on Relativity. Even though the Ball-of-Light Particle Model is a replacement for Relativity, the traditional view of a "Black Hole" is surprisingly close to the description of a "Ball-of-Light." In essence, every elementary particle is similar to what has been called a Black Hole. Instead of a black hole being a collection of particles where gravity is one of the forces holding the collection together -- as in traditional theory for atomic nuclei, traditional theory for the core of a star, and traditional theory for a Black Hole -- an elementary particle is a ball-of-light where gravity is one of the 3 fundamental force fields keeping it spherical.

  An example of how the Ball-of-Light Particle Model is different from Black Hole theory is its prediction that there is no "mass" inside a Black Hole, that is, inside of a ball-of-light. Instead, the infalling mass is converted to energy at what is called the "event horizon." A Black Hole is no more than a single sphere of electromagnetic and gravitational energy -- not collapsed matter.

  Let me emphasize, while there appears to be many observations in astronomy that appear to give support to the idea of "black holes" these observations do not prove black holes exist. How can they if these same observations also support the idea of massive balls-of-light. Black hole theoyr is not poven, if an alternate theory is supported by the same "proofs"!

• Gravitational Induction: Due to the dynamic nature of gravity -- i.e., gravity can be "induced" -- there are many interesting implications for describing the history of the earth, that is, for describing geophysics. In essence, the earth has NOT had a constant gravitational force. The implications for reinterpreting traditional geophysics, as a result of the earth having a variable gravitational force through history, are truly intriguing.
  
  
• Planet Formation: Finally, even the theories of how planets are formed may be challenged by the Ball-of-Light Particle Model. The Ball-of-Light Particle Model predicts that stars can eject smaller balls-of-light. If these smaller balls-of-light are harmonic, they may simply slowly fizzle out. As they do so, they create normal atomic matter that form planets as they cool. The Ball-of-Light Particle Model predicts all of our major planets and many of our solar system's moons are completely burnt out balls-of-light. It also predicts that Saturn and Jupiter are examples of such a balls-of-light that have not completely burned out. Let me be perfectly clear: the cores of Saturn and Jupiter are predicted to be balls-of-light that were once ejected by the core of the sun and which have not completely burnt out yet.

The Ball-of-Light Particle Model is a Grand Unification Theory that integrates all known areas of physics. This is just a small group of highlights. There will be many more to come.